// Package tarball repacks a directory tree into a "./"-rooted .tar.gz
// archive matching Zeta's binary-package convention: `tar -czf dest -C stage .`,
// consumed on install with `archive = { strip = 1 }`.
//
// The "./" prefix on every entry is what makes --strip-components=1 produce
// clean relative paths (usr/bin/foo, not ./usr/bin/foo).
package tarball

import (
	"archive/tar"
	"compress/gzip"
	"crypto/sha256"
	"encoding/hex"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"strings"
	"time"
)

// rootDotMetadata is the set of Arch metadata files excluded at the ROOT of
// the staging tree only. Deeper dot-files (e.g. usr/share/.hidden) are real
// content and are archived.
var rootDotMetadata = map[string]bool{
	".PKGINFO":   true,
	".BUILDINFO": true,
	".MTREE":     true,
	".INSTALL":   true,
	".Changelog": true,
}

// Write walks srcDir and writes a "./"-rooted, gzip-compressed tar archive to
// destPath. It returns the lowercase hex sha256 of the written file.
//
// File modes are preserved from the filesystem; symlinks are stored as
// symlinks with their targets; directory entries are included. Root dot
// metadata (.PKGINFO, .BUILDINFO, .MTREE, .INSTALL, .Changelog) is skipped.
// Paths that would climb above the root are rejected.
func Write(srcDir, destPath string) (string, error) {
	f, err := os.Create(destPath)
	if err != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("tarball: create %s: %w", destPath, err)
	}

	h := sha256.New()
	gz := gzip.NewWriter(io.MultiWriter(f, h))
	tw := tar.NewWriter(gz)

	walkErr := filepath.Walk(srcDir, func(p string, fi os.FileInfo, werr error) error {
		if werr != nil {
			return werr
		}

		rel, err := filepath.Rel(srcDir, p)
		if err != nil {
			return err
		}
		rel = filepath.ToSlash(rel)
		if !relativeInside(rel) {
			return fmt.Errorf("tarball: path %q escapes the root", rel)
		}

		// The root itself, mirroring `tar -czf dest -C stage .`.
		if rel == "." {
			return tw.WriteHeader(&tar.Header{
				Name:     "./",
				Typeflag: tar.TypeDir,
				Mode:     int64(fi.Mode().Perm()),
				ModTime:  time.Time{},
			})
		}

		// Arch metadata lives only at the root; skip it there.
		if !strings.Contains(rel, "/") && rootDotMetadata[filepath.Base(rel)] {
			return nil
		}

		base := &tar.Header{
			Mode:    int64(fi.Mode().Perm()),
			ModTime: time.Time{},
		}

		switch {
		case fi.Mode()&os.ModeSymlink != 0:
			target, err := os.Readlink(p)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			if symlinkEscapes(rel, target) {
				return fmt.Errorf("tarball: symlink %q -> %q escapes the root", rel, target)
			}
			base.Name = "./" + rel
			base.Typeflag = tar.TypeSymlink
			base.Linkname = target
			if err := tw.WriteHeader(base); err != nil {
				return err
			}

		case fi.IsDir():
			base.Name = "./" + rel + "/"
			base.Typeflag = tar.TypeDir
			if err := tw.WriteHeader(base); err != nil {
				return err
			}

		case fi.Mode().IsRegular():
			base.Name = "./" + rel
			base.Typeflag = tar.TypeReg
			base.Size = fi.Size()
			if err := tw.WriteHeader(base); err != nil {
				return err
			}
			src, err := os.Open(p)
			if err != nil {
				return err
			}
			_, cerr := io.Copy(tw, src)
			if e := src.Close(); cerr == nil {
				cerr = e
			}
			if cerr != nil {
				return cerr
			}

		default:
			// Skip sockets, FIFOs, devices and other special files, the
			// same way GNU tar warns and continues.
		}
		return nil
	})

	// Always flush and close in order so the hash captures every byte.
	cerr := tw.Close()
	if cerr == nil {
		cerr = gz.Close()
	} else {
		_ = gz.Close()
	}
	if cerr == nil {
		cerr = f.Close()
	} else {
		_ = f.Close()
	}

	if walkErr != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("tarball: walk %s: %w", srcDir, walkErr)
	}
	if cerr != nil {
		return "", fmt.Errorf("tarball: write %s: %w", destPath, cerr)
	}
	return hex.EncodeToString(h.Sum(nil)), nil
}

// relativeInside reports whether the slash-separated relative path p never
// climbs above its root. Port of ZETA/lib/path.lua relative_inside.
func relativeInside(p string) bool {
	depth := 0
	for _, seg := range strings.Split(p, "/") {
		switch seg {
		case "..":
			depth--
			if depth < 0 {
				return false
			}
		case "", ".":
			// Empty segments and "." are ignored, like the Lua port.
		default:
			depth++
		}
	}
	return true
}

// symlinkEscapes reports whether a symlink at rel whose target is target
// would escape the root. Absolute targets always escape; relative targets are
// resolved against the symlink's directory. Port of ZETA/lib/path.lua
// symlink_escapes.
func symlinkEscapes(rel, target string) bool {
	if target == "" {
		return false
	}
	if strings.HasPrefix(target, "/") {
		return true
	}
	dir := ""
	if i := strings.LastIndex(rel, "/"); i >= 0 {
		dir = rel[:i]
	}
	combined := target
	if dir != "" {
		combined = dir + "/" + target
	}
	return !relativeInside(combined)
}